A scientific Instrument is a tool used for scientific reason and area. Its instrument measures something such as position, temperature, pressure, direction and speed etc. Scientific Instrument is very useful day by day. All competitive examinations such as Railway, UPSC, SSC and Bank asked one or two question related to the scientific instrument. Readers can also download PDF from the link given below.
LIST OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENT AND THEIR USES:
|
Instrument |
Usage |
| Altimeter |
An instrument used in aircrafts for measuring altitudes |
| Ammeter | Measures electric current |
| Anemometer | Used to measure the speed, direction and pressure of the wind. |
| Audiometer | Measures the intensity of sound |
| Barograph | Continuous recording of atmospheric pressure |
| Barometer | Measures atmospheric pressure and conditions. |
| Binoculars | An optical instrument used for the magnified view of distant objects. |
| Bolometer | Measures infra-red (Heat) radiation. |
| Callipers | Measures diameters of thin cylinder/wire. |
| Calorimeter | Measures quantity of heat |
| Carburettor | Used for charging the air with petrol vapours in an internal combustion engine. |
| Cardiogram(ECG) | Traces movements of the heart, recorded on a Cardiograph |
| Cathetometer | Determines heights and levels |
| Chronometer | Determines the longitude of a vessel at sea. |
| Cinematograph | Used for projecting pictures on the screen. |
| Colorimeter | Compares intensity of colours |
| Commutator | Used in generators to reverse the direction of electric current. |
| Crescograph | Used for measuring growth in plants. |
| Cryometer | Measurement of low temperature. |
| Cyclotron | Used for accelerating charged particles in the microwave oscillator |
| Dilatometer | Measures change in volume of substances |
| Dynamo | Coverts mechanical energy into electrical energy |
| Electrometer | Measures very small but potential difference in electric currents |
| Electrometer | Used for measuring an electrical potential difference. |
| Electroscope | Detects the presence of an electric Charge |
| Electron microscope | Used to obtain a magnifying view of very small objects (20,000 times). |
| Endoscope | To examine internal parts of the body |
| Fathometer | Measures depth of the ocean |
| Fluxmeter | Measures magnetic flux |
| Galvanometer | Measures electric current |
| Gramophone | Used to reproducing recorded sound. |
| Hydrometer | Measures the relative density of liquids |
| Hydrophone | Measure sound under water |
| Hygrometer | Used to measure the moisture content or the humidity of air or any gas. |
| Hygroscope | Shows the changes in atmospheric humidity |
| Hypsometer | Determines boiling point of liquids. |
| Lactometer | Measures the relative density of milk. |
| Machmeter | Determines the speed of an aircraft relative to the speed of sound |
| Manometer | Compares magnetic movement and fields |
| Manometer | Used to measure atmospheric pressure |
| Micrometer | Coverts sound waves into electrical vibration |
| Microphone | Converts sound waves into electrical signals. |
| Microscope | Used to obtain a magnified view of small objects |
| Nephetometer | Measures the scattering of light by particles suspended in a liquid |
| Odometer | An instrument attached to the wheel of a vehicle, to measure the distance travelled. |
| Ohmmeter | Measures electrical resistance of objects |
| Ondometer | Measures the frequency of electromagnetic waves(radio waves) |
| Optometer | Used for testing the refractive power of the eye. |
| Otoscope | Used for visual examination of the eardrum. |
| Periscope | Used to view objects above sea level (Used in submarines). |
| Phonograph | Used for reproducing sound. |
| Photometer | Compares the luminous intensity of the two sources of light |
| Polygraph | It simultaneously records changed in physiological processes such as heartbeat, blood pressure & the respiration (used as lie detector) |
| Pyrheliometer | Used for measuring Solar radiation. |
| Pyrometer | Measures very high temperature. |
| Quadrant | Measures altitudes and angles in navigation and astronomy |
| Radar | Radio, Detection and Ranging. |
| Rain Gauge | Measures Rainfall. |
| Refractometer | Measures salinity of solutions |
| Refractometer | Measures a Refractive Index of a substance. |
| Sextant | Used by navigators to find the latitude of place by measuring the elevation above the horizon of the sun or another star; also used to measure the height of very distant objects |
| Sextant | Used for measuring the angular distance between two objects. |
| Siesmograph | Used for recording the intensity and origin of earthquakes shocks. |
| Spectroscope | Used for Spectrum analysis. |
| Speedometer | An instrument used for measuring a speed of the vehicle. |
| Spherometer | Measures curvature of spherical objects. |
| Sphygmomanometer | Measures blood pressure. |
| Stethoscope | Used for hearing and analyzing the sound of Heart. |
| Tachometer | To determine speed, especially the rotational speed of a shaft(rpm) |
| Tangent galvanometer | Measure the amount of direct current(DC) |
| Telemeter | Records physical happenings at a distant place(space) |
| Telescope | Used for the magnified view of distant objects. |
| Thermometer | Measures Temperature |
| Thermostat | Automatically regulates temperatures at a constant point. |
| Tonometer | Measures the pitch of a sound |
| Transformer | An apparatus used for converting high voltage to low and vice-versa without the change in its frequency. |
| Transponder | To receive a signal and transmit a reply immediately in satellites. |
| Venturimeter | Measures the rate of flow of liquids |
| Vernier | Measures Small sub-division of scale. |
| Viscometer | Measures Viscosity of liquid. |
| Voltmeter | Used to measure an electric potential difference between two points |
| Wattmeter | To measure electric power |
| Wavemeter | To measure the wavelength of a radio wave(high-frequency waves) |
